How do modern battery management systems for Lithium Cordless Wrench prevent overcharging and overdischarging?

Modern battery management systems for Lithium Cordless Wrench prevent overcharging and overdischarging of batteries through a series of advanced technologies and strategies to ensure the safety of batteries and extend their service life. Here are some key methods and features:
Voltage monitoring and control: BMS monitors the voltage of each single battery in real time and compares it with the preset safe voltage range. When the battery voltage approaches or exceeds the preset upper or lower limit, BMS will take corresponding measures, such as reducing the charging current, stopping charging or discharging, to prevent overcharging or overdischarging.
Current control: BMS is able to limit the current size of charging and discharging to ensure that the current flows within a safe range. Especially during the charging process, by accurately controlling the charging current, BMS can avoid battery damage due to overcharging.
Temperature management: The temperature of the battery is critical to its performance and safety. BMS uses temperature sensors to monitor the temperature of the battery. If the battery temperature is too high, BMS may reduce the charge and discharge rate or stop charging and discharging to prevent thermal runaway.
SOC management: BMS is able to estimate the remaining power of the battery and adjust the charging and discharging strategy accordingly. When the battery SOC reaches the preset upper and lower limits, the BMS will take corresponding measures, such as stopping charging or discharging, to prevent overcharging and discharging.
Balanced charging technology: Balanced charging technology can ensure that the power of each single cell in the battery pack is balanced. When the BMS detects that the power of a single cell is significantly different from that of other cells, it will start the balanced charging process, transferring energy from the battery with higher power to the battery with lower power until the power is balanced.
Intelligent algorithms and diagnostics: BMS uses advanced algorithms and diagnostic technologies to predict the performance and life of the battery. By analyzing the battery's voltage, current, temperature and other data, the BMS can detect abnormal battery behavior in advance and take corresponding measures, such as reducing the charge and discharge rate or issuing a warning signal.
In summary, the modern battery management system of the lithium cordless wrench can effectively prevent overcharging and over-discharging of the battery by accurately monitoring the battery's voltage, current, temperature and other parameters, combined with intelligent algorithms and diagnostic technologies, thereby ensuring the safety of the battery and extending its service life.